Medical Inspection – Health Blog

All demographic data was self-reported and is shown in Table 1. Forty-two percent of the population were 40^9, 48% were 50-69, and 9% were over 70 years of age. Although all three racial/ethnic groups were represented at both clinics, 98% of Puerto Rican women presented at clinic 1, 94% of African-American women presented to clinic 2, and 81% of non-Latinas presented to clinic 2. Twenty-five percent of the women were currently employed, and 76% had household incomes less than $10,000 per year. Eighty-five percent of Puerto Rican women had a household income less than $10,000 compared to 74% of non-Latinas and 68% of African-American women (p=0.01). According to self-report, 37% of Puerto Rican women were mar ried or living with someone at the time of the interview compared to 22% of African-American women and 19% of non-Latinas (p=0.01). Interestingly, over half (56%) of the Puerto Rican women received less than an eighth-grade education compared to 17% of non-Latinas and 11% of African-American women (p<0.001). Based on self-report, non-Latinas were more likely to be uninsured compared to African-American women and Puerto Rican women, i.e., 16.5%, 7.1%, and 4.2%, respectively (p<0.001).

As shown in Table 2, women reported high rates of Pap smear utilization. High rates were also documented in the medical record. However, self-report of receiving a Pap smear within recommended guidelines was consistently higher than medical record documentation. There was a high level of agreement between self-report and medical record documentation for receipt of Pap smear according to recommended guidelines. These results were consistent across racial/ethnic groups. The sensitivity of reporting Pap smear use was high (92-99%), whereas the specificity was low (2.7-22.2%). The positive predictive value was high except for reporting more than one Pap smear. Negative predictive values were moderate, ranging from 20-56%. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predicative values were similar across racial/ethnic groups. However, negative predictive values were inconsistent across groups. kamagra soft tabs

Table 1. Patient Demographic Characteristics by Racial/Ethnic Group

As shown in Table 3, positive self-report of mammography use was high for each category (93% for “ever had a mammogram,” 93% for “had a mammogram within recommended guidelines”, 87% for “had more than one mammogram” and 91% for “had a previous mammogram within recommended guidelines of the last one”). Self-report of mammography use was consistently higher than medical record documentation of use. Agreement between self-report and documentation in the medical record was 73% for “ever had a mammogram,” 65% for “last mammogram within the recommended guidelines,” 68% for “had more than one mammogram” and 47% for “mammogram prior to the last, within recommended guidelines.” Agreement was higher for more recent screening. These findings were consistent across racial/ethnic groups. However, chart documentation of “mammogram prior to the last, within recommended guidelines” was higher for non-Latinas (52%) and African-American women (48%) than Latinas (35%). Similarly, agreement between self-report and chart documentation of a “mammogram prior to last within recommended guidelines” was higher for non-Latinas (59%) and African-American women (52%) than Puerto Rican women (35%).
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Table 2. Percent Agreement between Self-Report and Medical Record Review in Documenting Pap Smear Utilization by Racial/Ethnic Group

Self-report of mammography use had high sensitivity (95-100%) and low specificity (9-26%). Positive predictive values were moderate (44.5-71.6%) and negative predictive values were high (75-95.5%). Sensitivity of self-report for mammography use was high across all racial/ethnic groups (88-100%). Specificity was low across all racial/ethnic groups except for self-report of “had more than one mammogram” among Puerto Rican women (32%). Positive predictive value of self-report for mammography use was moderate-to-high across racial/ethnic groups. The negative predictive values were consistently high across racial/ethnic groups except for “previous mammogram from the last within recommended guidelines” which was 100% for non-Latinas and African-American women but only 50% among Puerto Rican women. canadian antibiotics

Table 3. Percent Agreement between Self-Report and Medical Record Review in Documenting Mammography by Racial/Ethnic Group (N=314)

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