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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUALITY OF DIABETES CARE: RESULTS

Among participants in the study: 13% were 18 to 44 years old, 50% were 45 to 64 years old, and 37% were older than 65 years; 65% were women; 42% were married or coupled; 61% had completed high school education or higher; 39% were employed; 33% had annual household incomes <$10,000 and 65% had incomes < $25,000; 16% had no health insurance coverage; 89% had at least with 17% receiving education within the previous year; and 10% perceived difficulty getting care in the past year.

The majority of participants rated all 11 items of satisfaction as either excellent or good (Table 1). Average patient satisfaction score (as percent of maximum) ranged from 65 for availability at nights and weekends and for waiting time to see physician to 79 for overall care. However, there was variation in satisfaction rating across the items: 1% to 8% rated satisfaction as poor, 7% to 17% rated satisfaction as fair, 43% to 58% rated satisfaction as good, and 26% to 45% rated satisfaction as excellent. As shown in Table 2, patient satisfaction score was higher for those with high school education or higher than for those with less than high school education; for those employed than not employed; and for those with higher household incomes; for men than women; for married or coupled persons than others (p= at least 0.06 for each). In addition, having received diabetes education, having health insurance coverage, having one physician for diabetes care, and perception of no difficulty in getting care were all associated with higher satisfaction scores (p<0.05 for each) (Table 2).

Table 2. MEAN SCORE FOR PATIENT SATISFACTION AS PERCENTAGE OF MAXIMUM BY SELECTED POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS

Characteristic n Mean (SE) P-value
Age groups
18-44        78

70

2.7

0.537
45-64        297

73

1.0

>65 216     72 1.3
Sex 0.055
Male         206

74

1.3

Female      385

71

1.0

Marital status 0.058
Married/     245

74

1.0

coupled
Other        346

71

1.3

Education 0.053
<High school 229

70

1.3

graduate
High school 361

73

1.3

graduate
Currently employed 0.031
Yes          231

74

1.3

No            360

71

1.0

Income 0.018
<10K/yr.     193

69

1.3

10-25K/yr.    192

73

1.3

>25K/yr.      163

75

1.7

Diabetes education 0.011
During last yr. 100

74

2.0

Before lastyr.216

73

1.3

Never        275

70

1.3

Health care coverage 0.022
Yes          497

73

1.0

No             88

68

2.0

Visit to physician for diabetes last year 0.271
Yes          525

72

1.0

No            62

70

2.0

One physician for diabetes care 0.027
Yes          535

72

1.0

No             56

67

2.3

Difficulty in getting care during 0.001
last 12 months
Yes            58

60

2.7

No            533

73

1.0

Prevalence of reported delivery of preventive care by providers varied from 56% for counseling for blood glucose monitoring to 99% for blood pressure check (Table 3). Satisfaction scores, adjusted for age, sex, education, employment, and income, were higher for all 11 items and significantly higher for 8 of 10 items among those who had had preventive care delivered than among those who had not had preventive care delivered (Table 3). Further-more, there was a dose-response gradient in this association: those who received 9 to 10 items of preventive care had higher scores than those who received 7 to 8 items, and those who received 7 to 8 items had higher scores than those who received 0-6 items (p for trend=0.002) (Figure 1). canadian antibiotics

Table 3. PROPORTION OF PEOPLE RECEIVING PREVENTIVE CARE, AND MEAN SCORES FOR PATIENT SATISFACTION ACCORDING TO PROVIDER DELIVERY OF PREVENTIVE CARE FOR DIABETES

Preventive Care Within Last Year    Mean Adjusted Satisfaction Score (S.E.)

Proportion (%)    Care Delivered    Care Not Delivered

P-value for difference in satisfaction
HbAlccheck

64

73 (1.0)

70(1.7)

0.031

Feet check

64

74(1.0)

69(1.3)

0.001

Eyes check

82

74(1.0)

66 (2.0)

0.001

Cholesterol check

84

74(1.0)

64 (2.0)

0.001

Blood pressure check

99

72(1.0)

63 (5.7)

0.085

Gums check

68

74(1.0)

69(1.3)

0.006

Counseling
Blood glucose monitoring

56

75(1.7)

68(1.0)

0.001

Weight

64

74(1.0)

69 (1.3)

0.003

Exercise

68

74(1.0)

70(1.0)

0.025

Diet

70

73(1.0)

70(1.7)

0.066

P- values were adjusted for age, sex, education, employment, and income by using analysis of covariance. Proportions, mean
scores, and p-values based on weighted analysis.

Prevalence of self-reported patient performance of preventive care varied from 40% for daily blood glucose check to 76% for taking diabetes medication as prescribed. Satisfaction scores, adjusted for age, sex, education, employment, and income, were higher for patients who had performed preventive care practices, and scores were statistically significant for three of four items (Table 4). In addition, satisfaction scores were higher for patients who had performed all four preventive care practices than for those who had performed three items, and those who had performed three items had higher scores than those who had performed zero to two items (p for trend=0.001) (Figure 1).
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Table 4. PROPORTION OF PEOPLE PERFORMING DIABETES CARE, AND MEAN SCORES FOR PATIENT SATISFACTION ACCORDING TO SELF-REPORTED PATIENT PRACTICE OF PREVENTIVE CARE FOR DIABETES WITHIN LAST YEAR

Patient practice within last year        Adjusted satisfaction score (S.E.)       P-value for difference

in patient satisfaction

Item                                Proportion (%)  Care practiced Care not practiced

Took diabetes medicine             76 75 (1.0) 66 (2.0) 0.001
as prescribed
Checked blood glucose daily       40 74(1.3) 71 (1.0) 0.119
Checked feet daily                  75 74 (1.0) 68 (1.3) 0.002
Went for dilated eye examination   71 73 (1.0) 69 (1.3) 0.015
P- values adjusted for age, gender, education, employment, and income from analysis of covariance.
Proportions, means, and p-values based on weighted analysis.

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