RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUALITY OF DIABETES CARE: RESULTS
Among participants in the study: 13% were 18 to 44 years old, 50% were 45 to 64 years old, and 37% were older than 65 years; 65% were women; 42% were married or coupled; 61% had completed high school education or higher; 39% were employed; 33% had annual household incomes <$10,000 and 65% had incomes < $25,000; 16% had no health insurance coverage; 89% had at least with 17% receiving education within the previous year; and 10% perceived difficulty getting care in the past year.
The majority of participants rated all 11 items of satisfaction as either excellent or good (Table 1). Average patient satisfaction score (as percent of maximum) ranged from 65 for availability at nights and weekends and for waiting time to see physician to 79 for overall care. However, there was variation in satisfaction rating across the items: 1% to 8% rated satisfaction as poor, 7% to 17% rated satisfaction as fair, 43% to 58% rated satisfaction as good, and 26% to 45% rated satisfaction as excellent. As shown in Table 2, patient satisfaction score was higher for those with high school education or higher than for those with less than high school education; for those employed than not employed; and for those with higher household incomes; for men than women; for married or coupled persons than others (p= at least 0.06 for each). In addition, having received diabetes education, having health insurance coverage, having one physician for diabetes care, and perception of no difficulty in getting care were all associated with higher satisfaction scores (p<0.05 for each) (Table 2).
Table 2. MEAN SCORE FOR PATIENT SATISFACTION AS PERCENTAGE OF MAXIMUM BY SELECTED POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
| Characteristic n | Mean | (SE) | P-value |
| Age groups | |||
| 18-44 78 |
70 |
2.7 |
0.537 |
| 45-64 297 |
73 |
1.0 |
|
| >65 216 72 | 1.3 | ||
| Sex | 0.055 | ||
| Male 206 |
74 |
1.3 |
|
| Female 385 |
71 |
1.0 |
|
| Marital status | 0.058 | ||
| Married/ 245 |
74 |
1.0 |
|
| coupled | |||
| Other 346 |
71 |
1.3 |
|
| Education | 0.053 | ||
| <High school 229 |
70 |
1.3 |
|
| graduate | |||
| High school 361 |
73 |
1.3 |
|
| graduate | |||
| Currently employed | 0.031 | ||
| Yes 231 |
74 |
1.3 |
|
| No 360 |
71 |
1.0 |
|
| Income | 0.018 | ||
| <10K/yr. 193 |
69 |
1.3 |
|
| 10-25K/yr. 192 |
73 |
1.3 |
|
| >25K/yr. 163 |
75 |
1.7 |
|
| Diabetes education | 0.011 | ||
| During last yr. 100 |
74 |
2.0 |
|
| Before lastyr.216 |
73 |
1.3 |
|
| Never 275 |
70 |
1.3 |
|
| Health care coverage | 0.022 | ||
| Yes 497 |
73 |
1.0 |
|
| No 88 |
68 |
2.0 |
|
| Visit to physician for diabetes last year | 0.271 | ||
| Yes 525 |
72 |
1.0 |
|
| No 62 |
70 |
2.0 |
|
| One physician for diabetes care | 0.027 | ||
| Yes 535 |
72 |
1.0 |
|
| No 56 |
67 |
2.3 |
|
| Difficulty in getting care during | 0.001 | ||
| last 12 months | |||
| Yes 58 |
60 |
2.7 |
|
| No 533 |
73 |
1.0 |
|
Prevalence of reported delivery of preventive care by providers varied from 56% for counseling for blood glucose monitoring to 99% for blood pressure check (Table 3). Satisfaction scores, adjusted for age, sex, education, employment, and income, were higher for all 11 items and significantly higher for 8 of 10 items among those who had had preventive care delivered than among those who had not had preventive care delivered (Table 3). Further-more, there was a dose-response gradient in this association: those who received 9 to 10 items of preventive care had higher scores than those who received 7 to 8 items, and those who received 7 to 8 items had higher scores than those who received 0-6 items (p for trend=0.002) (Figure 1). canadian antibiotics
Table 3. PROPORTION OF PEOPLE RECEIVING PREVENTIVE CARE, AND MEAN SCORES FOR PATIENT SATISFACTION ACCORDING TO PROVIDER DELIVERY OF PREVENTIVE CARE FOR DIABETES
| Preventive Care Within Last Year Mean Adjusted Satisfaction Score (S.E.)
Proportion (%) Care Delivered Care Not Delivered |
P-value for difference in satisfaction | |||
| HbAlccheck |
64 |
73 (1.0) |
70(1.7) |
0.031 |
| Feet check |
64 |
74(1.0) |
69(1.3) |
0.001 |
| Eyes check |
82 |
74(1.0) |
66 (2.0) |
0.001 |
| Cholesterol check |
84 |
74(1.0) |
64 (2.0) |
0.001 |
| Blood pressure check |
99 |
72(1.0) |
63 (5.7) |
0.085 |
| Gums check |
68 |
74(1.0) |
69(1.3) |
0.006 |
| Counseling | ||||
| Blood glucose monitoring |
56 |
75(1.7) |
68(1.0) |
0.001 |
| Weight |
64 |
74(1.0) |
69 (1.3) |
0.003 |
| Exercise |
68 |
74(1.0) |
70(1.0) |
0.025 |
| Diet |
70 |
73(1.0) |
70(1.7) |
0.066 |
| P- values were adjusted for age, sex, education, employment, and income by using analysis of covariance. Proportions, mean | ||||
| scores, and p-values based on weighted analysis. | ||||
Prevalence of self-reported patient performance of preventive care varied from 40% for daily blood glucose check to 76% for taking diabetes medication as prescribed. Satisfaction scores, adjusted for age, sex, education, employment, and income, were higher for patients who had performed preventive care practices, and scores were statistically significant for three of four items (Table 4). In addition, satisfaction scores were higher for patients who had performed all four preventive care practices than for those who had performed three items, and those who had performed three items had higher scores than those who had performed zero to two items (p for trend=0.001) (Figure 1).
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Table 4. PROPORTION OF PEOPLE PERFORMING DIABETES CARE, AND MEAN SCORES FOR PATIENT SATISFACTION ACCORDING TO SELF-REPORTED PATIENT PRACTICE OF PREVENTIVE CARE FOR DIABETES WITHIN LAST YEAR
| Patient practice within last year Adjusted satisfaction score (S.E.) P-value for difference
in patient satisfaction Item Proportion (%) Care practiced Care not practiced |
|||
| Took diabetes medicine 76 | 75 (1.0) | 66 (2.0) | 0.001 |
| as prescribed | |||
| Checked blood glucose daily 40 | 74(1.3) | 71 (1.0) | 0.119 |
| Checked feet daily 75 | 74 (1.0) | 68 (1.3) | 0.002 |
| Went for dilated eye examination 71 | 73 (1.0) | 69 (1.3) | 0.015 |
| P- values adjusted for age, gender, education, employment, and income from analysis of covariance. | |||
| Proportions, means, and p-values based on weighted analysis. | |||








