Pneumothoraces and Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in Two AIDS Patients

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurs in approximately 70 percent of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Its typical radiographic presentation is of bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates. Pneumothorax as a complication of AIDS-related PCP has been reported only 15 times.
The AIDS Service at Fairmont Hospital has cared for over 300 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) since 1983. No case of PCP-associated pneumothorax was seen until 1988, when two patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis presented with pneumothorax ip- silateral to focal recurrent PCP It has been suggested preliminarily that focal PCP might be more common in patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine. Whether pneumothorax is associated with focal PCP or aerosolized pentamidine remains to be determined.
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