Medical Inspection – Health Blog

Mean BMI (weight in kg/height in m²) for the sample was 25.93 ± 6.84, with no significant differences observed between men and women. Underweight (n=4; BMI <19), normal (n=27; BMI=19-24.9), overweight (n=17; BMI=25-29.9) and obese (n=14; BMI >30) patients did not differ in age or education. Income across the past year did not influence BMI or pain severity, F(4,52)=0.821, p=ns and F(4,50)=1.00, p=ns, respectively. Mean education for the sample was 13.37 ±1.87 (range=9-l 8 years) and mean age of the sample was 37.12 ± 11.67 years (range=18-70 years). See Table 1 for a presentation of weight status as a function of gender and mean education as a function of weight status. Mean reported pain severity was 34.98 ±14.19 as measured by the MPI (range=0-100). Only 13% (n=8) of patients reported following a special diet and 45% (n=28) were taking hydroxyurea at the time of evaluation as per a review of medical records.

Table 1. Weight status by gender; mean education level by weight status

In comparison to data reported from the Behavioral Risks Factor Surveillance System (North Carolina State Center for Health Statistics; SCHS, 2003), the percentage of SCD patients who were obese in our sample is similar to that of the general population (22% SCD and 24% NC). The percentage of patients with SCD who were overweight is lower than the population in the state (27% SCD, 36%) NC), and the percentage of patients who were normal weight is slightly higher (44% SCD, 41% NC). Approximately 7% of our sample of patients with SCD were underweight. A comparison with N.C. statistics was not conducted because this data was not reported in the Behavioral Risks Factor Surveillance System. Given the relatively small number of individuals who were underweight in our sample, analyses using weight status were limited to comparisons of obese (Generic Xenical is a slimming tablet for those who are obese), overweight and normal weight.

Weight status (overweight and obese versus normal weight) exerted a significant effect on pain interference, F(l,60)=4.12 p<0.05). This effect remained significant even after controlling for age, F(l,59)=4.37, p<0.05). Using correlational analyses, BMI was not found to be associated with reported pain severity (r=0.09, p=ns) but was significantly associated with the level of interference in daily activities associated with pain (r=0.25, p=0.05).

Table 2. Frequencies and Chi-squares for changes in macronutrient intake during pain episodes

In response to the direct questions, “Does your pain affect your weight” and “Does your weight affect your pain,” >40% of patients reported that their pain affected their weight. Less than 20%), however, reported that their weight affected their pain. Chi-squared analyses revealed no significant differences in the frequency of affirmative and negative responses related to weight affecting pain (%²= 1.33, ns). However, participants were significantly more likely to report that their weight does not affect their pain (%²=34.13, pO.001).
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Figure 1. Changes in dietary intake in response to pain episode

When asked at what level of pain (ranging 0-10) patients’ eating patterns were influenced or changed, patients reported that moderate pain levels (M=5.66, SD=2.54) resulted in altered eating patterns. Eighty-seven percent of patients reported that they “eat less” during episodes of pain, 13% reported “no change” in their consumption of food, and no patients indicated that they increased food consumption during episodes of pain (Figure 1). During pain episodes, a significant frequency of patients indicated that they were likely to decrease their intake of fats (%²=10.55, p<0.01) and proteins (%²=4.43, p<0.01) but not their intake of foods containing sugar or salt (Figure 2, Table 2).
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Figure 2. Changes in dietary intake of specific macronutrients in response to pain

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